Effects Of Two Teaching Methods On Academic Achievement Of Junior Secondary School Students In Integrated Science And Computer Science

INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Teaching method has been defined as a procedure, orderliness or ways of which a teacher delivers his subjects matter (lesson) to the learners.
According to the (Oxford Advance Learners Dictionary). The use of
two teaching methods over the years has being responsible to the poor
academic performance of student especially those in junior secondary
school level, and this has affected and has continued to affect the
future of the younger generations adversely, Ikekwe (2006).
Teaching methods according to the (Wikipedia free encyclopedia) have been around for many centuries, and over centuries it have equally been modified and the success on the use of the teaching methods were solely dependent on an intelligent analysis of the educational purposes, the students in the class, the curriculum content of the moment or the type of subject matter being taught. The methods and approaches have relative effectiveness on different individuals and level. It is therefore necessary for any teacher to choose the best method or approach and also the ones that will best suit his class at a particular time. A good teacher should equally understand different methods of teaching and when to apply them so as to achieve his/her objectives, and also understand the intelligent quotient (IQ) level of his/her class, age, and choice of teaching aids, etc. Obilo (2001).
Obilo, (2001) further asserts that a teacher who understands and uses only one or two methods of teaching will find it difficult if not impossible to achieve his/her objectives, because the purpose of teaching is to impart the worthwhile knowledge and skills to the learners by the teacher, and ways of which the teacher is expected to achieve his stated objectives is by designing good lesson note from the scheme of work and employing the required teaching methods tfr enable him to deliver his/her lesson effectively.
The Evolution of Teaching Methods:
a) Ancient Educational Methods of Teaching
About 3000 BC, with the advent of writing, education became more conscious with specialized occupations required particular skills and
knowledge.
Philosophy in ancient Greece led to questions on educational teaching
methods and it has been the intent of many educators since then, such
a- the Roman educator Quintillian etc, to find specific interesting
ways to encourage students to learn and make use of their intelligence
appropriately.
b) Medieval Period:
Jean – Jacques Rousseeau in his emile, presented methods to teach children the elements of science and much more. There was also
Johann Heinrich Pestalossi of Switzerland, whose methods of teaching during Napoleonic Warfare enabled the refugee children of a class believed to be unteachable to learn and love learn. Right from the medieval period till the present day, teaching/learning process has been facing great challenge in which the use of two teaching methods
is one of them, and it has been observed that government employment of unqualified teachers into the schools and poor supervision of teachers have been contributing to the use of only two teaching methods, and this study tries to find a lasting solution to ensure a better academic achievement in-the junior secondary schools, and ways to stop the effects and the use of two teaching methods in schools were the major area of concern on the study.

Statement of the Problem
The adverse effect caused by the use of only two teaching methods in this junior secondary schools has became so worrisome and this effect has made it difficult in achieving academic excellence. The study is targeted at finding out the cause, effect and solutions to the use of two teaching methods and to ensure that a better academic excellence and standard are achieved. If the effect is not properly managed could cause serious academic set-back which will later affect the future of the younger generation, and this necessitated this research.

Purpose of the Study:
The purpose of this study is to identify the major effects of two teaching methods on academic achievement of junior secondary school students in integrated science and computer science in particular.
The study intends to:
a. Find out the extent to which two teaching method can affect the academic achievement of students.
b The study equally intends to find out the ways to stop these
effects.
c) To find out the extent to which this effect could go in
hampering the future of the students if not controlled.
d) It equally intends to find out the best possible methods of
teaching that will guarantee a better academic achievement.

Significance of the Study:
The report of this study will go a long way to help the students
teachers to understand the danger in using only two teaching methods and the qualities of an effective teacher, the study will also help the active teacher in Integrated science and computer science, it will guide the government to see the need of employing qualified teachers and retraining of the teachers, the curriculum planners on the planning and development of the curriculum, e.t.c.

Research Questions:
The following research questions were formulated to guide on the study.
i. What are the possible effects of two teaching methods?
ii. How could we stop the resultant effects of two teaching methods?
iii. What are the possible dangers of these effects on the future of the students?
iv. What are the best methods of teaching that will guarantee a better academic achievement?

Scope of the Study
The study focused on the major effects of the use of two teaching methods include poor coverage of the lesson, inability to equip the learners with the requisite knowledge, does not carry the slow learner along, create confusion among the learners, slows down the intellectual development of the learner, etc.
The study was based on the prospects and solutions to the effect of two teaching methods, benefits of effective teaching, the effective teacher and his/her qualities, and finally, the study covered the diversity in teaching in the classroom. The above constitute the scope of the study.

Limitation of the Study
Due to the fact that this study was limited to Government Secondary School and Government Technical College both in Enugu Urban, owing to time and financial constraints, the study could not gather larger sample size.