Phytochemical Analysis And The Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Dichloromethane Fraction Of Methanol Extract Of Crateva Adansonii
Complete Phytochemical Analysis And The Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Dichloromethane Fraction Of Methanol Extract Of Crateva Adansonii Project Materials (Chapters 1 to 5):
Inflammation is a complex biological response of vascular tissue to harmful stimuli such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants (Ryan & Majno, 1983). The rising incidence of stroke and atherosclerosis, partly due to prolonged use of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, has spurred intensive research into anti-inflammatory drugs over the past decade, with synthetic pharmaceuticals being the primary focus (Ryan & Majno, 1983). However, there is growing interest in natural products, which are often more affordable and accessible, and sometimes perceived as more effective than conventional anti-inflammatory medications.
In an anti-inflammatory study, twelve rats were divided into three groups of four. Groups 1 and 2 served as the negative and positive controls, respectively. Group 3 was administered 25 mg/kg body weight of the dichloromethane fraction from the methanol extract of Crateva adansonii. The results demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity in Group 3 when compared with the standard treatments used
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of Content
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Crateva adansonii as a plant
1.3 Research aim and objectives
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Definition of Inflammation
2.1 Characteristics of Inflammation
2.2 Classes of Inflammation
2.3 Types of Inflammation.
2.4 Chemical mediators of Inflammation
2.4.0 Properties of Mediators
2.4.1 Histamine
2.4.2 Serotonin (5- Hydroxy tryptamine)
2.4.3 Cytokines
2.4.4 Arachidonic acid
2.4.5 Platelet Activating Factor (PAF)
2.4.6 Free Radicals
2.4.6.1 Nitric Oxide (NO)
2.4.6.2 Oxygen-derived free radicals
2.4.7.0 Complement system
2.4.7.1 The clotting system/Coagulation system
2.4.7.2 The Kinin System
2.4.7.3 The fibrinolytic system
2.5.0 Anti-Inflammatory agents
2.5.1 Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS)
2.5.1.0 Mechanism of Action of NSAIDS
2.5.2 Steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs
CHAPTER THREE
MATERIAL AND METHODS
3.1 Materials
3.1.1 Equipment/Apparatus used
3.1.2 Chemical, Solvents and Reagents
3.1.3 Animals
3.2 Methodology
3.2.1 Collection and preparation of Plant Materials
3.2.2 Extraction
3.3 Fractionation
3.3.1 Gel Column Chromatography
3.4. Identification of Phytochemical groups in the extract
3.4.1 Preparation of Reagents for phytochemical analysis
3.4.2 Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the Extract
3.5 Thin Layer Chromatography
3.6 Anti-inflammatory activity test
CHAPTER FOUR
Result
CHAPTER FIVE
Discussion
Conclusion
References
Appendixes
The introduction of Phytochemical Analysis And The Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Dichloromethane Fraction Of Methanol Extract Of Crateva Adansonii should start with the relevant background information of the study, clearly define the specific problem that it addresses, outline the main object, discuss the scope and any limitation that may affect the outcome of your findings
Literature Review of Phytochemical Analysis And The Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Dichloromethane Fraction Of Methanol Extract Of Crateva Adansonii should start with an overview of existing research, theoretical framework and identify any gaps in the existing literature and explain how it will address the gaps
Methodology of Phytochemical Analysis And The Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Dichloromethane Fraction Of Methanol Extract Of Crateva Adansonii should describe the overall design of your project, detail the methods and tools used to collect data explain the techniques used to analyse the collected data and discuss any ethical issues related to your project
Results should include presentation of findings and interpretation of results
The discussion section of Phytochemical Analysis And The Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Dichloromethane Fraction Of Methanol Extract Of Crateva Adansonii should Interpret the implications of your findings, address any limitations of your study and discuss the broader implications of your findings
The conclusion of Phytochemical Analysis And The Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Dichloromethane Fraction Of Methanol Extract Of Crateva Adansonii should include summarize the main results and conclusions of your project, provide recommendations based on your findings and offer any concluding remarks on the project.
References should List all the sources cited in Phytochemical Analysis And The Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Dichloromethane Fraction Of Methanol Extract Of Crateva Adansonii project by following the required citation style (e.g., APA, MLA, Chicago).
The appendices section should Include any additional materials that support your project (Phytochemical Analysis And The Anti-Inflammatory Activities Of Dichloromethane Fraction Of Methanol Extract Of Crateva Adansonii) but are too detailed for the main chapters such as raw data, detailed calculations etc.