Design And Construction Of An Energy Efficient Smart Home Automation System

ABSTRACT

This project work is on a low cost flexible and reliable home monitoring and control system using GSM module. This device is a server self – governing and uses GSM to control human desired appliances starting from industrialized machine to user goods. Home monitoring and device control system not only refers to decrease human efforts but also save the energy and time competence. To demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of this system, in this we presents a home monitoring system by using GSM module. It helps the user to monitor various conditions in the home like room temperature, motion sensing, and to control light wirelessly.

The main objective of the current paper is to design and implement cost-efficient and reliable security, safety and home automation system for protection and occupants’ convenience. If any undesired events, intrusion, light activation and temperature control using Short Message Service (SMS). With the proposed system home appliances can also be controlled in three ways, namely sending SMS from the authorized numbers to the system through GSM network.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAGE

TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE

DEDICATION

ACKNOWELDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• PROJECT MOTIVATION
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• METHODOLOGY
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• REVIEW OF PIR SENSORS AND ITS APPLICATION
• THE ROLE OF SENSORS IN YOUR HOME SECURITY
• TYPES OF MOTION SENSORS
• REVIEW OF THE RELATED STUDY
• OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
• REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF TEMPERATURE CONTROLLERS AND THEIR WORKING PRINCIPLE
• DEFINITION OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR
• TYPES OF TEMPERATURE SENSORS

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

• MATERIALS AND METHOD
• PROPOSED SYSTEM
• SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
• WORKING PRINCIPLE OF THE SYSTEM
• SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
• SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE AND WORKING PRINCIPLE
• SYSTEM FLOW CHART
• POWER SUPPLY

CHAPTER FOUR

TEST AND RESULT ANAYSIS

• CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
• CASING AND PACKAGING
• ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
• INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
• RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                          INTRODUCTION

1.1                                          BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

Nowadays, security is one of the crucial issues in the world. Home security system has altered significantly over the last decade and it is expected that the change will be continuing in the coming years.

Burglary and other household thefts have been increasing noticeably. Besides, safety has become the essential requirements for the modern homes, offices and buildings. Therefore, currently used security systems, which mainly rely on video monitoring, need to be enhanced to meet the acceptable level of security [1]. To solve the above-mentioned limitations, a smart home system has been proposed. The proposed system allows the user to obtain both security and safety.

In security section, unauthorized person is detected using Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor and Arduino Uno. Then, the property owner will be informed by short message service (SMS) through global system for mobile communication (GSM) networks.

Home automation is a process for improving the quality of resident’s life by facilitating flexible, comfortable and a secure environment. In international markets Internet based home automation systems is one of the most popular system [Sheikh Izzal Azid, 2011]. The remote controlling and monitoring of a house using internet requires a laptop or a computer which is comparatively large in size and heavy to carry around all day long. So an alternate can be a mobile phone with Operating system on it for remote monitoring and controlling of a house. A mobile phone can be carried all day long so it is feasible to use a mobile phone rather than a laptop or a computer to remotely monitor the status of our house. Earlier system was dependent on telephone line using a phone based remote controller [A.J. Bernheim Brush, 2011]. In general the home automation faces four significant challenges [Wu Chengdong, 2015].

The WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) technology also has the advantage of wide covering area which ensures remote monitoring and fast network establishment with reasonable cost . The key difference between WSN and GSM is its wide covering area which facilitates very long distance communication. Describes working structure and simulation of a GSM based remote sensing and appliance control using FPGA. [Wael M EI-Medany, 2018] Describes home automation process using speech recognition, GSM and internet.

The main advantage of GSM network is that its wide area coverage even to remote rural area and it is battery powered. The user can get the theft and intruder alarm within a second wherever he/she is. To get the alarm message from the security system installed in the user premises the user has to activate the alarm through the application each time he/she leave the house. To activate and deactivate the alarm system the user has to log on to the system with a specific password. This prevents any misuse or unexpected alarm activation of the system. If the users unexpectedly left any electrical home appliance in running condition then they could also turn that off by the application. This saves us from a lots of energy wastage. The application and system is completely user friendly. Someone won’t need to be an expert to run the application in his/her mobile. The designed system has also the capacity of controlling the temperature of an AC. The user also can add more relays to get control over more appliances if he/she wants. So altogether the system is a modern intelligent home security system which can give us a relief whenever we want to leave out home.

1.2                                               PROBLEM STATEMENT

Detecting an intruder by human effort is always tedious and involves much risk of like, operating our light and controlling of our air conditioner temperature manually involves much labour, and it can skip the user’s mind at the end leads to waste of energy. This device was invented to put an end to these conventional operations by alerting the owner of house when an intruder is detected, to switch ON and OFF an AC light whenever it is sunset and sunrise and it also controls the ON/OFF and temperature of an air conditioner wirelessly using a GSM module.

1.3                                                        AIM OF THE PROJECT

In this project, the main of this work is to design a simple but very efficient GSM based home smart system that has the function of alerting the user via SMS in case of an intruder, change of temperature, and to turn ON/OFF light.

1.4                                                PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT

The main purpose of this work is to ensure full home security and to save electric energy

1.5                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This system enables one to control your Electronics appliances from anywhere. The devices intend to control ON/OFF of electric bulbs and other appliances using photo sensor. A motion sensor will be used such that it turns light on once a person enters the room and turns ON/Off the light automatically if there’s no one in the room. A temperature sensor for the ac so that it can turn on or off at a particular temperature.

1.6                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

1. Constant Protection: If you install a monitored alarm system in your home, you and your family have round-the-clock the protection against break-ins. Some systems also have fire alarms built in, which provides additional reassurance. The constant protection of an alarm system is particularly comforting when you may be away from your home for an extended period or you must leave your children home alone for an evening. It also means that your home is protected while you are sleeping so you can have peace of mind about your family’s safety and get a good night’s sleep.
2. Deterrent to Criminals: Most home intruder alarm systems provide small lawn signs or placards for your window that indicate that your home is protected by a security company. In many cases, the presence of this type of sign alone may persuade burglars and other criminals to pass over your home and move on to a dwelling that is not protected by a security system. Be sure to clearly display the decals and signs from your monitoring company to fully advertise your home’s security.

• This system also protects the energy waste in an ac or fan by switching it ON or OFF heat time and cold time.

1. This system is fully automated. So once this system is installed inside home or industry, then it does not require any human interaction to operate.

   With the use of this system we can save the life of person inside home / industry.

2. Also the property inside house and various materials inside the house and industry are saved from to theft.
3. This system is Cost effective. Also it is Fast and efficient

1.7                                                  PROJECT MOTIVATION

As stated earlier in this paper the home automation system has four main challenges. There are these are high cost of ownership, inflexibility, poor manageability, and difficulty in achieving security. Android mobiles are now available low cost everywhere. For the flexibility of use the Android operating system are becoming more and more popular which is one of the prime reason of using this operating system to control the whole device.

1.8                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

Motion sensor can cause false alarm if the insect or any other related animals walks on the sensor.

Expense: The primary reason while only few people install this device at home is because of the cost of purchasing it and the cost of installing the device. The cost of buying and installing this device is very high [3].

1.9                                         APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

1) This project has its main application in security system. This project can be used in home as domestic security system. It will be really useful for the security of flat, bungalow or any row house. It can be used in our house for theft detection at night time.

2) Various parameters monitored in this project like light and dark, theft detection and overheat or cold also be used in this work.

1.10                                                     METHODOLOGY

To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

1. Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
2. Draw a block diagram.

• Test for continuity of components and devices,

1. Design and calculation for the device was carried out.
2. Studying of various component used in circuit.
3. Construction of the circuit was carried out.

• Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

1.11                                                      PROJECT ORGANISATION

The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied,  chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.